Also known as Urine Analysis, it is a test that examines a urine sample for for its appearance, concentration, and content. In this test, a sample is analyzed for the presence of crystals, bacteria, parasites, blood cells, and cells from tumors in it. Your doctor may advise this test in case of symptoms suggestive of urinary tract infection (UTI) such as painful or frequent urination, blood in the urine, abdominal pain and back pain. It also used to diagnose and monitor common health conditions, such as liver disease, kidney disease and diabetes. An unusual urianalysis result may require you to undergo further tests to find the source of the problem.